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Producing cheap, clean hydrogen on Earth has proven surprisingly challenging, despite hydrogen being the most plentiful element in the cosmos. Startups are tackling this issue with innovative approaches to hydrogen production.
According to Siva Yellamraju, co-founder and CEO of Fourier, efficient production and distribution have consistently challenged the hydrogen sector.
Modular Electrolyzers: Fourier’s Innovative Approach
Many emerging hydrogen companies are concentrating on developing modular electrolyzers for mass manufacturing and easy transport. Fourier has amplified this approach, aiming for a system footprint no larger than two standard server racks.
Series A Funding Round
This innovative strategy has attracted significant investor interest. Fourier recently secured $18.5 million in a Series A funding round led by General Catalyst and Paramark Ventures, with participation from Airbus Ventures, Borusan Ventures, GSBackers, MCJ Collective, and Positive Ventures.
Server Rack Design and ‘Blade’ Technology
Fourier’s design philosophy, drawing parallels to server technology, extends to the internal components of its hydrogen production modules. Each module incorporates numerous compact electrolyzers, referred to as “blades”—approximately 20 in the current configuration. These blades are supplied with water via a shared pump and powered by adapted power supplies originating from data center applications.
Yellamraju explained that repurposing these mass-produced components—already prevalent in billions—enhances efficiency and cost-effectiveness. Software within the module manages each blade to maximize operational efficiency. This approach, he noted, is inspired by lithium-ion battery technology, where systems like Tesla utilize arrays of small cells managed by a sophisticated compute layer.
Data-Driven Optimization for Efficiency
Similar to battery management systems that monitor individual battery cells, Fourier’s system continuously assesses the performance of each electrolyzer blade. It adjusts output and detects degradation signs to optimize efficiency. Yellamraju stated that their aim is to transform the challenges of efficiency and hydrogen production into a data optimization challenge.
Pilot Programs and Commercialization
Fourier has successfully conducted lab-scale pilot programs, producing approximately one kilogram of hydrogen per hour, in collaboration with a pharmaceutical company and a solar energy firm. The company is now advancing towards commercialization with two larger-scale pilot plants slated to be operational by June. These pilot facilities are located at a petrochemical plant in Ohio and an aerospace component manufacturer in Fremont, California. Fourier is targeting clients requiring 6 to 20 kilograms of hydrogen per hour, necessitating electrolyzer capacities ranging from 300 kilowatts to 1 megawatt.
Cost Advantages and Target Market
Potential commercial clients for Fourier, spanning sectors like pharmaceuticals, petrochemicals, and ceramics, currently face hydrogen costs of $13 to $14 per kilogram. Yellamraju indicated that Fourier can supply hydrogen for $6 to $7 per kilogram, before any government incentives are factored in. He emphasized the significant cost savings, noting that even with Fourier’s margin, customers could reduce their hydrogen expenses by half.