Saudi Arabia is situated in the county of Asia and is the 13th largest nation in terms of land area and the largest sovereign state in the Middle East.
The country is bordered by Jordan and Iraq to the north, Kuwait to the northeast, Qatar, Bahrain and the United Arab Emirates to the east, Oman to the southeast and Yemen to the south.
Saudi Arabia is separated from Israel and Egypt by the Gulf of Aqaba.
The country is rich in oil and has been synonymous with petroleum wealth for many years – Saudi Arabia is the largest oil producer in the Middle East.
The proven oil reserves in Saudi Arabia are the second largest in the world, estimated to be 268 billion barrels.
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The Kingdom is ruled by the house of Saud along traditional Islamic lines.
The most influential member of the Royal family is the King of Saudi Arabia, currently King Salman.
Mohammed bin Salman is the son of King Salmon and the current Crown Prince of Saudi.
The Crown Prince of Saud is the second most important position in Saudi Arabia and is only second to the king and is his designated successor.
King Salman bin Abdulaziz al-Saud ascended the throne in January 2015 following the death of his half-brother, King Abdullah.
Saudi Arabia is in the midst of an international investigation into the disappearance of journalist Jamal Khashoggi.
He was a fierce critic of the Saudi government and entered the country’s consulate in Istanbul but has not been seen since.
The journalist went into the consulate to obtain a document he needed to get married but has not been seen since.
His fiancee fears that he has been kidnapped or killed and authorities in Istanbul believe he was murdered by Saudi agents and say they have evidence to back this up.
Hatice, his fiancee said she waited for him outside the consulate until after midnight on Tuesday and returned when the consulate reopened on Wednesday morning, but he did not appear.
The Saudi government has said reports that Mr Khashoggi “went missing inside the Saudi consulate” in Istanbul “are false.”
A Saudi official said: “Mr Khashoggi visited the consulate to request paperwork related to his marital status and exited shortly thereafter.”
The journalist “is not in the consulate nor in Saudi custody”, the official said.
But Turkish officials say Mr Khashoggi was tortured and killed on the premises by a team of Saudi agents and that his body was then removed.
They say they have audio and video evidence to support the claim, a security source told the BBC.