Gardeners urged to do 1 thing to protect garden's 'heroes'

Hoverfly Populations Declining, Experts Urge Gardeners to Take Action

Hoverflies, essential pollinators in gardens and the wider ecosystem, are experiencing population declines, according to the Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire Wildlife Trust (BBOWT) and the Royal Horticultural Society (RHS). These beneficial insects, second only to bees in pollination importance, also serve as a food source for birds and play a role in breaking down organic matter. However, BBOWT and RHS reports indicate that intensive agriculture, widespread pesticide application, and ongoing climate change are contributing to the reduction in hoverfly numbers.

Hoverflies Listed as Threatened Species

In 2022, hoverflies were designated as a threatened species on the International Union for the Conservation of Nature’s Red List. Consequently, specialists are now appealing to gardeners to protect these stingless insects, often mistaken for wasps, bees, or hornets. Andy Coulson-Phillips, principal ecologist at BBOWT, emphasized the critical role of hoverflies stating: “Hoverflies are a tiny but essential part of the natural world.”

He further added, “They are vital for pollinating both wildflowers and garden plants alike, so we’d love everyone across our three counties to invite them into their gardens or outside space.”

Identifying Hoverflies

Unlike bees and wasps, which possess two pairs of wings, hoverflies have only one pair. Some common species, such as the Batman, Footballer, and Marmalade hoverflies, are named after their distinctive markings and colours. However, observation of their behaviour is often the easiest method of identification. Hoverflies are known for their characteristic hovering and zigzagging flight patterns around plants, as reported by the BBC.

Hoverfly Habitats

Hoverflies inhabit a diverse range of environments, including gardens, woodlands, wetlands, and urban areas. They can also be found in decaying wood. The decrease in dead wood habitat availability has contributed to the decline of certain hoverfly species.

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“Hidden Heroes” of Gardens and Countrysides

Vicki Hird, strategic agriculture lead for The Wildlife Trusts, described hoverflies as the “hidden heroes of our gardens and countrysides.” She stressed that despite their varied appearances, hoverflies are “critical for our food security”.

Call to Action for Gardeners

Given the significant threat to insect populations, experts are urging individuals to take proactive steps. Helen Bostock, senior wildlife specialist at the RHS, explained that the gardening charity is encouraging people to “open their garden gates to hoverflies this summer.”

Planting Flowers to Attract Hoverflies

Ms. Bostock advised: “Gardeners can help attract them by planting open, easily accessible flowers.” She provided seasonal recommendations for attracting hoverflies:

• Spring: Aubretia
• Summer: Blackberry flowers, oxeye daisy, marigolds, fennel, cow parsley, and poppies
• Autumn: Heather, aster, and common ivy