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Archaeologists Unearth Potential Lost Capital of Ancient Kingdom in North Macedonia
Archaeological excavations at Gradishte in North Macedonia may have revealed the remains of Lyncus, the long-lost capital of the ancient Kingdom of Lyncestis. This significant discovery is reshaping our understanding of the region’s rich history, potentially dating back to the era of Alexander the Great and even the Bronze Age.
Discovery at Gradishte Site
The Gradishte site, situated in Bitola, North Macedonia, has been under investigation for 15 years. Current excavations are a collaborative effort between archaeologists from Macedonia’s Institute and Museum-Bitola and California State Polytechnic University, Humboldt.
Dating the Ancient City
Initial assessments suggested the city’s origins were around the reign of King Philip V (221-179 BC). However, the recent find of a coin, minted between 325 and 323 BC, now indicates the site was occupied during the rule of Alexander the Great (356 – 323 BC), the renowned military leader. Furthermore, the unearthing of stone axes and ceramic fragments points to habitation in the area as far back as the Bronze Age (3,300 – 1,200 BC).
Advanced Techniques Reveal Urban Layout
In 2023, researchers employed advanced, non-invasive methods at Gradishte. Ground-penetrating radar and drone-mounted LiDAR technology unveiled a vast urban area. Key features include an acropolis and a characteristic Macedonian-style theatre. The acropolis alone encompasses an area of at least seven acres, suggesting a substantial and important settlement.
Unveiling North Macedonia’s Past
According to the archaeologists, the discovered artifacts, such as stone axes and ceramic vessel fragments, offer valuable insights into North Macedonia’s ancient past. They suggest that this ancient state was a significant early power in Europe.
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Significance of the Location
Professor Nick Angeloff, an Anthropology professor and archaeologist from Cal Poly Humboldt, emphasized the importance of the find: “This discovery holds considerable significance. It underscores the intricate networks and power dynamics of ancient Macedonia, particularly given the city’s strategic location along ancient trade routes leading to Constantinople.”
Historical Figures and Lyncestis
Professor Angeloff further speculated on the historical importance of the area, suggesting: “It is even plausible that prominent historical figures like Octavian and Agrippa traversed this region en route to their confrontation with Cleopatra and Mark Antony at the Battle of Actium.”
Lyncus: The Lost Capital
The archaeologists propose that the city could indeed be Lyncus, the fabled lost capital of the Kingdom of Lyncestis (meaning “land of the lynx”). Lyncestis was an autonomous kingdom in Upper Macedonia known for resisting Argead dominion until its conquest by Philip II in 358 BC.
A Royal Connection
Historically, Lyncus is also notable as the birthplace of Eurydice, queen, and wife of King Amyntas III of Macedon, and importantly, the grandmother of Alexander the Great.
Ongoing Research and Future Insights
“Students, faculty, and researchers from the National Institute and Museum–Bitola and Cal Poly Humboldt are dedicated to continuing the excavation and revealing the complete narrative of this ancient city. This ongoing endeavor promises to further illuminate the complex networks and vibrant culture of ancient Macedonia,” stated an official press release from Cal Poly Humboldt. “This research offers invaluable perspectives on the development of early European states and their lasting impact on the world.”