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In a significant stride for space operations, a compact spacecraft successfully showcased edge autonomy earlier this year. This groundbreaking demonstration highlighted the satellite’s ability to autonomously analyze data and make informed decisions onboard, without reliance on real-time commands from ground control.
The pioneering demonstration was executed by startups NOVI and Sedaro, both based in Arlington, Virginia. NOVI, specializing in edge computing systems that utilize artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning algorithms for enhanced satellite intelligence, engineered the spacecraft for a U.S. government client, whose identity remains undisclosed. Launched into low Earth orbit (LEO) aboard SpaceX’s Transporter-12 rideshare mission on January 14th, the majority of the autonomous operation trials were finalized in February.
To facilitate autonomous operations, the spacecraft’s integrated computer received Sedaro’s mission and system simulation software. This software functioned as a digital twin, providing a constantly updated virtual representation of the operational satellite in orbit.
According to both companies, the Sedaro software empowered the satellite to achieve “self-awareness” during this demonstration, allowing it to independently carry out tasks based on its surrounding environment and operational status.
Sedaro’s development of this technology was supported by a SpaceWERX Small Business Innovation Research grant. SpaceWERX, the space-focused arm of the Department of the Air Force’s AFWERX organization, is exploring the adaptation of commercial edge autonomy technology for potential military satellite applications.
This advanced technology enables satellites to autonomously modify orbits, regulate power consumption, or optimize communication links using data acquired from onboard sensors. Within a military context, self-aware satellites could potentially identify and react to tracking or targeting attempts.
Industry Implications of Satellite Edge Autonomy
Autonomous satellites, driven by AI and edge computing, are increasingly recognized as a fundamental technology for the future automation of space operations.
Sebastian Welsh, co-founder and CTO of Sedaro, emphasized the critical role of satellite edge autonomy, stating it is “essential for sustained commercial success and strategic advantage in space.”
In an April 3rd news release, Welsh explained, “The increasing number of constellations in low Earth orbit has spurred more automated methodologies for satellite mission operations from ground stations. The current space environment, characterized by congestion, contention, and dynamism, necessitates advancing this automation to the edge.”
Sedaro CEO Robbie Robertson added that the successful demonstration “validates an approach to autonomy capable of delivering tangible benefits in the near future for both government and commercial space assets.”
He announced the open-source release of the software framework used in the demonstration, named “Sedaro Autonomy Framework for the Edge.” This decision is intended to “expedite adoption and disrupt the typically slow and costly innovation process prevalent in the space and defense sectors.”
Amit Mehra, co-founder of NOVI, outlined the company’s objective to establish an AI processing infrastructure in space. This will be achieved “through a combination of affordable, multi-sensor satellites and cutting-edge edge processors.” Mehra suggested this infrastructure could be leveraged to train AI algorithms for both commercial and defense purposes. It would also offer third-party developers access to space-based sensors and processing capabilities to create, upload, and operate their proprietary algorithms.
Mehra concluded, “The Sedaro project served as a comprehensive end-to-end demonstration, encompassing ground-based testing of a third-party algorithm, followed by seamless in-space upload and operation to gather on-orbit data.”