Electric Tricycles Empower Women in Rural Zimbabwe
WEDZA, Zimbabwe — In the past, Anna Bhobho, a 31-year-old homemaker residing in rural Zimbabwe, remained unheard within her household, excluded from crucial financial and familial decisions in a traditionally patriarchal society. Now, possessing her own electric tricycle, she spearheads progress in her community.
Across numerous rural regions of sub-Saharan Africa, women have historically been barred from mainstream economic activities, including operating public transport. However, eco-friendly, battery-powered three-wheelers are changing this dynamic, generating economic prospects and fostering a renewed sense of self-worth.
Financial Independence and Earning Potential
“My husband now respects my ability to handle significant household expenditures, such as purchasing furniture and other valuable items,” stated Bhobho at a local market. She utilizes her tricycle to transport farm products for local farmers in the Wedza district, situated roughly 150 kilometers from Harare.
These tricycles, known as “Hamba” – meaning “go” in Ndebele – are powered by solar-charged lithium-ion batteries. Mobility for Africa, a local startup, initiated the program in 2019, initially leasing the vehicles to groups of women for a monthly fee of $15. Currently, women like Bhobho have the opportunity to own them through a lease-to-purchase arrangement.
“I was once entirely reliant on my husband for all necessities, even basic funds for bread,” she recalled.
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Bhobho’s life has transformed dramatically. She now owns property, established a small retail business, is making payments on a personal vehicle, and has transferred her children from a poorly resourced public school to a superior private institution. Her monthly income now reaches approximately $300, on par with professionals like educators employed by the government.
Increased Self-Esteem and Respect
Beyond financial benefits, Bhobho has experienced a significant boost in self-respect.
“Even my husband and in-laws now hold me in higher regard. Previously, my opinions were disregarded, but now I am included in important discussions and decisions,” the mother of three explained.
Expanding Impact and Reach
According to Carlin Thandi Ngandu, Community Engagement Coordinator for Mobility for Africa, the initiative encompasses 300 women throughout Zimbabwe, with a primary objective to ensure women comprise 70% of the beneficiaries.
In Wedza, exclusively women manage and operate these tricycles. Participants undergo training in safe driving practices. Exchanging a depleted lithium battery for a fully charged one costs merely $1, enabling approximately 100 kilometers of travel.
Across sub-Saharan Africa, motorcycles are prevalent for public transportation. There’s a growing shift towards electric models to reduce fuel expenses. The United Nations Environment Programme is introducing electric two and three-wheelers across nine nations, predominantly in East Africa. In Nigeria, a green energy firm, in collaboration with the UK Foreign Office, is supplying 120 electric three-wheelers to women, fostering both sustainability and economic empowerment.
Transforming Daily Life and Chores
In Zimbabwe, the introduction of tricycles has dramatically improved the lives of numerous women, even those who utilize them for daily errands without owning them. The arduous task of carrying firewood, water containers, or heavy agricultural goods over considerable distances is becoming obsolete.
These tricycles, capable of navigating narrow pathways inaccessible to cars, reach remote residences and agricultural plots. Their affordability enhances accessibility for local residents.
Hilda Takadini, a tomato farmer, attested to the significant growth of her business since availing herself of Bhobho’s transport services. Previously, she was compelled to depart her home at 3:00 AM, employing an ox-drawn cart for an 18-kilometer journey to the market. Often arriving late, or not at all, resulted in spoilage of her produce.
“I now secure better prices as I reach the market punctually with fresh tomatoes. Even my children now have assurance regarding their school fees,” stated the 34-year-old mother of six.
Tricycles as a Common Sight and Versatile Utility
At the Wedza commercial center, numerous women, with their tricycles capable of transporting loads up to 450 kilograms and attaining speeds of 60 kph, await customers. Their services encompass transporting passengers, patients to healthcare facilities, and materials such as bricks, groceries, and firewood.
Challenges and Healthcare Revolution
However, operators encounter challenges, including rough terrain exacerbated by recent rainfall, and resistance from some men uneasy with women’s prominence in traditionally male-dominated industries, as noted by Bhobho.
Revolutionizing Healthcare Access
Beyond commerce, these tricycles are transforming healthcare accessibility, particularly for women and children. Josephine Nyevhe, a volunteer community health worker, utilizes her tricycle to extend medical services to remote families.
Recently, Nyevhe arrived on her tricycle to a group of mothers and children awaiting her at a roadside. She used a tree branch to suspend a weighing scale and began assessing the children’s development. She meticulously recorded data, provided nutritional guidance, and referred critical cases to the local clinic.
Frequently, her tricycle serves as a vital ambulance within the community.
“I maintain 24-hour availability. I receive emergency calls at any hour, requiring me to transport individuals to the hospital urgently. Often, this involves pregnant women who might otherwise face delivering at home under precarious conditions,” explained Nyevhe, in her community health uniform.