Mariano Rajoy was hauled up in front of lawmakers to answer questions about alleged illegal financing of his conservative People’s Party.
The Prime Minister defended his record on fighting corruption during testy exchanges with lawmakers at the hearing on Wednesday, called at a politically delicate time when he no longer has a majority in parliament.
And Mr Rajoy said he had already dealt with this subject many times in parliament and saw no reason why he should have to do so again.
The Spanish leader also accused opposition parties of trying to stage an inquisition.
Socialist party spokeswoman Margarita Robles told the special session: “You are a Prime Minister under suspicion.”

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Mr Rajoy himself is not accused of wrongdoing.
Underlining his fragile position, the special session was called by the opposition and Mr Rajoy only appeared after former political allies joined with left-wing parties to demand he answer questions.
Allegations of a People’s Party slush fund have plagued the party for years.
Mr Rajoy became the first sitting prime minister in Spain to give evidence in a trial in July where he denied all knowledge of such a funding arrangement.
Opposition parties have repeatedly called for Mr Rajoy to step down, but both the Socialists and the anti-austerity Podemos party have previously failed in their bids to oust him while working within a fractured parliament.
Mr Rajoy returned to power for a second term last October with a severely diminished mandate, meaning he has to scrape together votes to get laws through.
The latest calls for a no confidence vote come just three months after Mr Rajoy survived a similar vote earlier this year.
The motion was backed by 82 legislators, with 170 voting against it and 97 abstaining, prompting it to fail on Wednesday.
The vote had not been expected to succeed, but it was brought to parliament by Podemos to put pressure on Mr Rajoy’s ruling right-wing party.