Archaeologists find 2,200 year-old shipwreck in underwater city in Egypt

Archaeologists have unearthed a 2,200 year-old shipwreck in the Mediterranean sea that sank after it was hit by falling blocks as the temple of Amun was destroyed in an earthquake.

The wreck was discovered – along with the remains of a funerary area – underneath the ancient city of Heracleion, which fell into the water after it was destroyed by earthquakes nearly 1,200 years ago.

Experts have noted that the ship, known as a fast galley, is 25 meters (82ft) long and its body was built with a flat keel, something that was common for navigating the Nile River and the Delta.

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They also found a large sail and other evidence that ‘the ship was built in Egypt,’ according to a statement from the Egyptian Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities posted on Facebook.

Archaeologists have unearthed a 2,200 year-old shipwreck – along with the remains of a funerary area – in the Mediterranean sea that sank after it was hit with ‘huge blocks’ from the temple of Amun

The galley is under 5 meters (16ft) of clay on the seabed, along with debris from the temple

The ship sank ‘as a result of the collapse of the temple and huge blocks falling on it during the second century BC, due to a devastating earthquake, the fall of these stone blocks contributed to keeping the ship down the deep canal now filled with temple debris,’ the statement added.

The galley is under 5 meters (16ft) of clay on the seabed, along with debris from the temple.

The burial was also covered with a pile of rocks, a tumulus, that was used in ancient times to signify burials.

‘This discovery beautifully illustrates the presence of the Greek merchants who lived in that city,’ the ministry told Reuters, noting that Greeks also lived there during the late Pharaonic dynasties.

‘They built their own sanctuaries close to the huge temple of Amun. Those were destroyed, simultaneously and their remains are found mixed with those of the Egyptian temple.’

Lead researcher and president of the European Institute for Underwater Archaeology Franck Goddio, said in a statement that the finds of fast galleys from this period are ‘extremely rare.’

It is one of only two surviving vessels built in this manner: the first, the Marsala, built in 235 B.C., was discovered in 1971 in Sicily, according to Artnet.

The discovery of the wreck, along with the remains of a funerary area, was found using a new type of sonar.

In the funerary area, experts uncovered elaborate pottery and a gold amulet of the Egyptian god Bes, often associated with childbirth, fertility, sexuality, humor and war.

In the funerary area, experts uncovered a gold amulet of the Egyptian god Bes, often associated with childbirth, fertility, sexuality, humor and war

The ship sank after it was hit with ‘huge blocks’ from the temple of Amun, which slid into the ocean when the ancient city of Heracleion fell into the water

The city of Heracleion, was one of the most important trade centers in the Mediterranean area. Before Alexandria was founded by Alexander the Great in 331, Thônis-Heracleion was the largest port city in Egypt

Heracleion is believed to have been at the center of Mediterranean trade more than 1,000 years ago.

The city of Heracleion, home of the temple where Cleopatra was inaugurated, was one of the most important trade centers in the Mediterranean area before it disappeared into what is now the Bay of Aboukir.

Before Alexandria was founded by Alexander the Great in 331, Thônis-Heracleion was the largest port city in Egypt.

The city slumped into the sea some 1,200 years ago, around 800 A.D., likely due to a series of earthquakes that eventually pushed it into the sea.

Real-life Atlantis: The sunken city of Heracleion, brought to life by the research team investigating the site 150ft under the sea where it now lays, including the main temple of Amun-Gerb, center-right

Heracleion, sometimes known as Thônis-Heracleion (for the Egyptian and Greek names), was rediscovered by archaeologists and the European Institute for Underwater Archaeology near the turn of the 21st century and experts have been analyzing it ever since.

Some have given it the nickname ‘Egypt’s Atlantis.’

In 2019, archaeologists discovered the ruins of an underwater temple in the city, located off Egypt’s north coast.

Heracleion: The city that sank into the Mediterranean after a string of natural catastrophes

Thonis-Heracleion (the Egyptian and Greek names of the city) is believed to have been at the center of Mediterranean trade more than 1,000 years ago.

Before the foundation of Alexandria in 331 BC, the city knew glorious times as the obligatory port of entry to Egypt for all ships coming from the Greek world.

It had also a religious importance because of the temple of Amun, which played an important role in rites associated with dynasty continuity.

The city was founded probably around the 8th century BC.

But it was hit by multiple natural catastrophes including tsunamis and sea level rises. It finally sank entirely into the depths of the Mediterranean in the 8th century AD after an earthquake.

Prior to its discovery in 2000 by the European Institute for Underwater Archaeology (IEASM), directed by Franck Goddio, no trace of Thonis-Heracleion had been found.

Its name was almost razed from the memory of mankind, only preserved in ancient classic texts and rare inscriptions found on land by archaeologists. The Greek historian Herodotus (5th century BC) tells us of a great temple that was built where the famous hero Herakles first set foot on to Egypt.

He also reports of Helen’s visit to Heracleion with her lover Paris before the Trojan War.

More than four centuries after Herodotus’ visit to Egypt, the geographer Strabo observed that the city of Heracleion, which possessed the temple of Herakles, is located straight to the east of Canopus at the mouth of the Canopic branch of the River Nile.

source: dailymail.co.uk