State news agency SANA, citing a military source, said the missile hit near a strategic air base.
They said in a statement missiles struck near Neirab military airport.
They said: “The Zionist enemy (Israel) targeted with its missiles one of our military positions north of the Neirab military airport.
“The damage was only material.”
There was no immediate comment from Israeli sources.
However, Israel rarely confirms strikes on any Syrian positions.
The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights war monitor said it had recorded several blasts around Neirab on Sunday evening.
The Britain based monitor confirmed the strikes were near Neirab Airport.
They said in a statement the blasts “were caused by a missile attack, suspected to have been carried out by Israel.
“Targeting positions held by Syria’s regime and its allies at the Neirab airport and around it.”
It is not the first time suspected Israeli airstrikes have hit Syrian army positions.
Locations near Damascus, and also in the central districts of Homs and Hama have all been struck in the past.
Aleppo, in the far north of the country, is rarely targeted.
Israel has repeatedly warned it will not tolerate an entrenched presence of its arch foe Iran in Syria.