The private plane had taken off from Sharjah in the United Arab Emirates and was flying to Istanbul.
Emergency services said it crashed in a mountainous region and caught fire.
A photo believed to be from the scene showed a huge plume of smoke rising above the crash site.
Local media reported the aircraft came down near Shahr-e Kord city, around 230 miles south of Tehran.
Between 11 and 20 people are thought to have been on board the flight.
Rescue teams have been dispatched to the area.
There is no information yet on what caused the plane to crash.
More to follow.