The CSU (Christian Social Union) boss Horst Seehofer and Christian Democratic Union (CDU) leader Angela Merkel came in second and third behind the leader of the Social Democrats (SPD).
Mr Schulz led his party to its worst election result since World War Two, despite initially securing support for his party.
The survey revealed 67 per cent of respondents named Mr Schulz as a “loser”, while 61 per cent did the same for Mr Seehofer and 53 per cent for Mrs Merkel.
The German Chancellor failed to clinch a majority win in the election in September and failed to form a coalition government.
Mrs Merkel’s ability to form a new government was dealt another blow as a poll by YouGov revealed that only a third pf people believed she was able to from an administration before Easter.
She lost swathes of support to the far-right Alternative for Germany (AfD) in September’s election, leaving her party short of a majority.
The German Chancellor has been embroiled in coalition talks since the September elections as she desperately tries to strike a deal with Mr Schulz, the former European Parliament president, in order to form a government.
Mrs Merkel is struggling to hold onto power after her party failed to get a majority and Germany has been left without a government for 13 weeks.
The survey was conducted by the polling institute Kantar Emid on behalf of the Funke media group and surveyed 1,005 people.
The survey revealed Bavaria’s finance minister Markus Soder came out top in the poll.
Mr Soder rose to national prominence by criticising the government’s refugee policy in 2015.
The SPD has agreed to talks with Mrs Merkel’s CDU on January 7 and the two parties have given themselves up to mid January to broker a deal.