Numerous H-6K bombers and other jets were flown through the Bashi Channel between Taiwan and the Philippines and the Miyako Strait in Japan’s south, according to state media.
And the aircraft were also deployed over the South China Sea on a “combat patrol”, Air Force spokesman Shen Jinke said.
Shen said all planes had finished their patrols on Thursday, which were intended to “improve maritime real combat capabilities and forge the forces’ battle methods”.
China has previously accused the US of trying to militarise the region as escalation continues to mount over Beijing’s ally North Korea.
Since Donald Trump has taken office, a total of three navigations patrols have occurred, while in contrast, only four were conducted during the entire Obama administration.
The H-6K bombers are capable of refuelling in mid-air twice and reportedly have a range of 3,100 miles from base while hauling 12 tonnes of weapons.
This is including up to six YJ-12 supersonic anti-ship missiles or CJ-20 subsonic land-attack cruise missiles, capable of striking targets 250 and 1,500 miles away, respectively.
China has been increasingly asserting itself in Taiwan, run by a government China fears is intent on independence.
Beijing has never ruled out the use of force to bring proudly democratic Taiwan under its control, and has warned any moves towards formal independence could prompt an armed response.
China is in the midst of an ambitious military modernisation programme that includes building aircraft carriers and developing stealth fighters to give it the ability to project power far from its shores.
Taiwan is well armed, mostly with US weaponry, but has been pressing Washington to sell it more high-tech equipment to better deter China.
Earlier this year, the US issued a stark warning that it would not accept China’s militarisation of man-made islands in the South China Sea.
Speaking at a security conference in Singapore in June, US Defence Secretary James Mattis said such moves undermined regional stability and would not be tolerated.
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China’s territorial claims in the South China Sea – through which about £3.9trillion in ship-borne trade passes each year – are contested by Brunei, Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan and Vietnam.
Mr Trump and other senior US officials have repeatedly stated that they would protect its interests in the South China Sea – a key shipping route.
During his nomination hearing earlier this year, Secretary of State Rex Tillerson warned the US was “going to have to send China a clear signal that first the island-building stops, and second your access to those islands also is not going to be allowed”.
In response, the Chinese foreign ministry said Beijing would “remain firm to defend its rights in the region”.
Britain has also revealed it will support the US’s efforts in the South China Sea and will send two new “colossal” aircraft carriers to the region.
Foreign Secretary Boris Johnson announced the show of strength was designed to demonstrate Britain’s support for free navigation rights in international waters at a time when China is trying to claim the area as its own.